English Equivalent
besides, moreover moreover, beyond that
Grammatical Function
Layered Addition إلى جانب ذلك → another aspect alongside it فوق هذا / ذلك → and on top of all that It often carries stronger emphasis. Cumulative Addition → adds a further supporting point
Structure
وإلى جانب هذا (ذلك) + فـ + ... وفوق هذا (ذلك) + فـ + ...